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As part of our Faculty in Focus series, we sat down with Dr Raffaele Nicastro, Associate Professor in Biomolecular Science, to learn more about his journey, research, and what excites him about joining ��ɫ��Ƶ. From Milan to Limerick via Sweden and Switzerland, Raffaele brings a wealth of international experience—and a unique perspective shaped not only by science, but also by his time as a qualified rugby referee in his native Italy.

Q) Can you tell us a bit about yourself and your background?

I’m originally from Nerviano, a town near Milan, Italy. I studied biotechnologies at the University of Milano-Bicocca, where I also completed my PhD. My academic journey has taken me across Europe, from Sweden during my PhD, to postdoctoral research in Milan, and then eight years in Switzerland. Throughout, I’ve focused on budding yeast as a model organism to study cellular mechanisms relevant to human health.

I’ve refereed at national level in Italy and Switzerland. I love rugby and happen to have ended up in the most rugby-centric part of Ireland. During my interview, I mentioned refereeing as an example of leadership, managing 30 people trying to kill each other! That might’ve helped me land the job!

Q) What inspired you to focus on the study of molecules specifically?

My interest in molecular biology began early, during high school. I was drawn to the idea of “brain work”, thinking deeply about how things function at the smallest scale. During my undergraduate studies, I had the chance to work in labs focused on yeast and cell biochemistry, and I quickly fell in love with the field. That hands-on experience shaped my path and led me to specialise in molecular mechanisms inside cells.

Q) What are your main research interests today?

My research centres on how cells sense and respond to nutrients. I study two key protein complexes: AMPK, which detects low glucose levels, and TORC1, which responds to amino acids. These systems are crucial for cell growth and are implicated in diseases like cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders. I use yeast as a model to explore these mechanisms in a simpler, more controllable context.

Q) What trends or changes do you see in your area of expertise?

The field is moving toward understanding how these nutrient-sensing systems interact, how glucose and amino acid pathways influence each other. This “cross-talk” could reveal new strategies for treating metabolic diseases. For example, while diabetes is typically managed by controlling sugar intake, there may be untapped potential in regulating amino acid consumption as well. My previous research hints at mechanisms that could help uncover these connections.

Q) What does your role as Associate Professor in Biomolecular Science involve?

I lead modules such as Core Concepts in Bioscience and Cell Communication and Regulation, and I also supervise a PhD student and manage my own lab space. Teaching in the lab is where the magic happens. It’s hands-on, it’s interactive, and you get to see students light up when they connect the dots. That’s the joy, watching curiosity turn into understanding.

Q) What excites you most about joining UL?

UL offers a dynamic and fast-evolving environment, with a strong emphasis on bioscience research. I’m one of several recent additions to the Department of Biological Sciences, and I’m already collaborating with colleagues and applying for research funding for projects. I’ve also enjoyed the campus life. I lived on campus when I first arrived in Ireland and used the sports facilities daily. UL is a place where I can grow professionally and personally, and I feel fortunate to be part of it.